If you clicked on one of the names of the papers above and weren’t able to view it, your computer does not have Adobe Acrobat installed on it. You can download this software for free. It will require leaving this APS Web site, and returning to it upon completion of the software download. Depending upon the speed of your connection to the Internet, it could take as long as one hour to download Adobe® Acrobat® to your computer.

Once you have installed Adobe Acrobat Reader software on your computer and have returned to this Web site, you can simply click on the name of the paper of your choice to read or print it. (Once you have downloaded Adobe Acrobat, you will be able to open other PDF documents on this and other Web sites without going through this procedure every time.)

If you have never downloaded a plug-in from a Web site, we have provided directions using two popular browsers: Microsoft® Internet Explorer® and Netscape® Navigator®. If you have another browser, these instructions may be useful in providing general guidance. Click on one of the two options below for downloading instructions.

• Directions for installing Adobe Acrobat on your computer if you have Microsoft® Internet Explorer.

• Directions for installing Adobe Acrobat on your computer if you have Netscape Navigator.